Sylvia Plath and Spirited Away Essay Example for Free

Sylvia Plath and Spirited Away Essay The inner journey is a metaphysical process in which an individual travels into their own psyche often resulting in form of self realization. Although the journey is not physical, an inner journey is a powerful tool in which one can enhance their knowledge of the world and their own human nature, commonly encountering imaginative obstacles which assist in the individual’s self-realization. The texts that I will use to illustrate the inner journeys are â€Å"You’re† and â€Å"A Birthday Present† by Sylvia Plath and The animated film â€Å"Spirited Away† directed by Hayao Miyazaki. Sylvia Plath utilizes the inner journey as a way to explore aspects of her life through the medium of poetry. Her poem â€Å"You’re† explores the emotional journey of an expecting mother, using poetic techniques to highlight the joys and mysteries of the baby in the womb, In contrast to Sylvia Plath’s poem â€Å"A Birthday Present† which explores the persona’s fear of death, despite desperation to end ones life, effectively using techniques to highlight the fear and want for death. Comparatively Hayao Miyazaki utilizes his film â€Å"Spirited Away† to demonstrate the protagonist’s, Chihro journey to develops and overcome circumstances to become a self-sufficient and self-reflective girl, by emphasizing the development with camera techniques and layout of particular scenes. These texts demonstrate the importance of inner journeys, demonstrating how journeys result in knowledge of their own nature and the world around them. Plath’s poem â€Å"You’re† conveys, a deep sense of joy and excitement, as a mother goes through the emotional journey, going through the delight of bearing a child, while still going through the mysterious and vagueness of the child referencing it to the furthest place imagined, for the persona â€Å"farther off than Australia†. Plath uses a range of techniques to express the joy of bearing a child and the warm comfort of it being â€Å"wrapped up in yourself like a spool†, the simile reinforces the idea of always being safe and loved, as well as the metaphor â€Å"Snug as a bud† creating the sense of the small baby being safe. It can also be lively and playful â€Å"Jumpy as a Mexican bean† all the techniques restate that the journey so far is positive and delightful and how she continues to try to understand her coming child with similes â€Å"like a sprat in a pickle jug†. However the mother experiences the mysteries and vagueness of the unborn child, noting her difficulty in describing it, she relies on terms from the world she knows for example â€Å"gilled like a fish† comparing it to a fish as it is all wrinkled and complex, as well as describing it as a â€Å"travelled prawn† and â€Å"moon skulled†, we understand the difficulty of understanding how it looks. The mother continues to try describing and understand the child she is about to have using the metaphor â€Å"vague as fog† to show how mysterious and undefined the child is, yet it is still eagerly anticipated and â€Å"looked for like mail† showing no matter what, the mother is overcome by joy on having the child. The Mother ventures through all these emotions, grasping to understand the unborn child, using similes and metaphors to figure out how the child may be and reflecting upon the joy of it all. Recognizing the uniqueness of the child arriving with its â€Å"own face†. Comparatively Sylvia Plath’s â€Å"A Birthday Present† deals with the persona inner battle of to decide to live on. â€Å"A birthday Present† is an extended metaphor, symbolizing death, allowing the audience to understand the shocking irony of the poem and the persona’s real want of what is â€Å"behind this veil†. However the fear of death is the only obstacle stopping the persona from killing themselves. The inner journey which is present in this poem is of the personas hesitation to kill herself she â€Å"would not mind if it were bones, or a pearl button† demonstrating her want for something tangible, Questioning her inner self if she actually wants it â€Å"can you not give it to me? † the change of voice to reassure herself. Tempting and luring her inner self to choose death with the continuous repetition of â€Å"let down the veil, the veil, the veil†. Ultimately the persona is fearful of death stating â€Å"You are terrified† confirming to herself that she is unsure reinforced by the simile â€Å"shimmering like curtains† reflecting the unstable curtains as her uncertainty. However her pessimistic outlook upon life and repetitious suppression of adhering to rules, to rules, to rules† gives her the strength to take her life. Her cynical tone â€Å"My god what a laugh† gives her courage to the view the world pessimistically and take her life, as well as continuously referring her life with little importance â€Å"I will only take it and go aside quietly†, â€Å"A marvel to your grandchildren †¦ it is not so† stating that no one will care after she is gone. The persona is now definite about taking her life and that â€Å"only you can give it to me†, representing now that behind the veil is death and how she asks for a quick death â€Å"you will not hear me opening it†. And that there is nothing left to fear as â€Å"the universe slide[s] from my side†, showing that through the inner journey the persona was able to understand the pessimistic world around her and how utilizing repetition, rhetorical questions and cynical tone to find the courage to no longer fear death. Comparatively â€Å"Spirited Away† is both a mental and physical journey to save her parents, which results in the growth and self-realization of Chihiro’s true self, facing challenges that allow Chihiro to learn lessons such as patience and understanding to survive and return home, with important scenes and symbolic items throughout the film to represent Chihiro’s growth. Chihiro was bought up in materialistic and idle world â€Å"don’t worry, you’ve got Daddy here. He’s got credit cards and cash† as well shown when Chihiro lying on the backseat, which is in shocking transition to when Chihiro has to work for herself in the bath house. At first she works ineffectively with other workers commenting â€Å"get out of the way†, representing her incompatibility and unwelcomed arrival, however she slowly progresses and gradually through the determination to save her parents becomes better, with the scene of washing of the stink spirit determining her capabilities to grow and become accepted, with rejoicing music and cheers from fellow workers, showing a close up a shot of Chihiro showing a sense a achievement and happiness, demonstrating Chihiro’s growth of maturity through working at the bath house. In comparison we learn Chihiro is a stoic young girl fearful of changes, shown in the first scene when her flowers start to die representing her old life wilting away. Yubaba takes away Chihiro’s name, she appears completely frightened, whimpering and shaking in a close up shot when Yubaba, and only takes the job to survive. Chihro clings desperately to her old self shown crying and curling up in a ball, with classical music playing in the background emphasizing the scene. Yet during her time as Sen her true self develops, showing unconditional compassion and kindness to several of the bathhouse inhabitants, especially Haku. One particular scene when Sen climbs the bathhouse to reach Haku, demonstrates her growth to protect Haku, even when endangering her life. Using the low angle camera shot to add to the enormity of seeing Chihiro on the roof tying her clothes, to risk her life to save Haku, portraying Chihiro’s growth to not only face her fears, but do so for others. She develops to also be able to stand up to Yubaba, in the final test, a high angle long shot, shows Chihiro striding confidently across the bridge as well as a close up of Chihiro’s determined face while facing Yubaba, depicting Chihiro no longer a scared frightened girl that she used to be. In â€Å"Spirited Away† Chihiro goes on a inner journey, which develops her from the immature, fearful child to the self-sufficient and self-reflective young girl, portrayed by the camera angles and shots and symbolism.

Bic Corporation Marketing Strategies

Bic Corporation Marketing Strategies Introduction A smile is a curve that sets everything straight. Now a days, smile is being lost in this competitive world thus Bic Corporation is back with an innovation in toothbrush cum tooth paste know as Joy-Top. Dental hygiene is the most important part of dental care. This preserves the charming smile in most efficient manner. Primarily, good dental hygiene is essential to the health of the mouth which can be maintained by brushing teeth twice a day. It is also essential in a cosmetic manner. Pleasant, healthy smile makes a personality look more confident and thus makes them feel healthier while interacting with people. Bic Corporations, leading manufacturers of disposal pens, lighters and shavers. Manufacturing facilities are extensive in north and South America including Toronto, Canada, Milford, Connecticut, Clearwater, Saint.petersberg, Florida, Guatemala city and Mexico. Their products are low cost plastic items. The most affordable in their category are pens, lighter and shavers. Half of the companys production, sales and earnings lie on pens. The most prominent product is Clear plastic ball point Bics lighter is top seller in North America. It also makes correction fluid and pens and has acquired a premium pen manufacturing position. Joy-Top Bic Corporations focuses on low cost, good quality, disposable items, and innovations. So as to develop the product line of the company a new product called Joy-Top toothbrush cum paste has been taken into consideration. Pens, lighter, shavers are the daily used commodity for a common people so Joy-Top also appears in the same lane to these products. Whats new in Joy-Top? Joy-Top is a toothbrush which consists of head of tightly clustered bristles mounted on a handle which includes paste. The toothpaste contains fluoride which helps in increasing the effectiveness of brushing. When the bristles are pressed against teeth, in a required proportion of paste appears on the bristles internally. On an average the paste can be used for about 15-20 times. Features:- Brush head gives a great clean. The multilevel layer bristles in which the top layer act as a dental floss. As it cleans by improving gum health. Never brush too hard again when the bristles are pressed a bit hard against the teeth the paste appears internally in the bristles. If pressed more than once there will be excess of paste which can be harmful for the teeth. It is best suitable for travelers. Thus Joy-Top promises long term care. Comfort grip. Soft bristles Developing Marketing Strategies and Plan Mission statement: To provide dental health of superior quality and value which will improve the lives of the worlds consumers, as a result they will reward us with never ending smile and happiness. SWOT analysis: Strength Strong brand. Focuses on innovation. Price, Quality, Value. Marketing- Distribution, Awareness, Reach. Capabilities. Development of new technologies. Global advantages. Weaknesses Less competitive power. Low budget product. Customer service staff requires training. Drawbacks of proposition. Opportunities Development of new products. Competitors can be surprised. Business can be exceeded to overseas. Positive response from end users to new ideas. Good profit margin. Huge potential to rise in emerging markets. Variations according to season weather and fashion. Lifestyle trends. Threats Distraction from core business. High competition in the market. Unfavorable conditions due to environmental effects. High competition in the market. Global economic condition. Litigation (2011, Business balls) Summary SWOT analysis is a tool which is commonly used to provide useful information. So from the above we can say that the company is holding a strong position in todays world, keeping aside all weaknesses and threats this company can produce a product with long lasting future and considering some of the factors which are given below: Low cost Reliability Innovation Disposability Objective Objectives are the basis of policy and performance appraisal. They bind entire organization together. Objectives can also be explained as mission, purpose, which can be achieved within the expected time frame and with the available resources. (Business dictionary) Marketing objectives Target customer. Effectiveness and practical use. Research over hardness/Softness of bristles. Type of grip and general structure of toothbrush. Customer satisfaction. Product quality to be maintained in accordance with low cost. Word of mouth. Packaging to be done so as to attract maximum customers. Advertisement (Visual, Audio, Print media). Financial objectives To achieve growth in revenue of 10% per year. To increase earnings by 15% annually. To increase dividend per share by 5% per year. To increase in net profit margin 2-4% per year. Stable earnings during the period of recession. Gathering information and scanning the environment Secondary data: It is been collected by individuals or agencies for purposes other than primary research. Internet sources:- Internet search tools like Google and yahoo can help to find specific sites which are rich in information. Discussion groups, post to a chat room or news groups can help to find secondary data. Wikipedia: It helps in quick and easy search of relevant information through a bunch of Google searches. It is great for finding out basic explanation of something very important. Scribd:-It is worlds largest social reading and publishing company. Information and original written content are shared across the web and mobile devices. Non internet sources:- Library:-Periodicals (Magazines, Journals and Newspaper) art materials which are published at regular intervals. Questionnaire: They are very cost effective as compare to face to face interviews. These are easy to analyze. Wikipedia helps in collection of quantitative data which can be helpful in market research. As Scribed connects people with the information online market research will be helpful for market planning. Library contains current information which helps to translate trends into marketing opportunities. Questionnaire reduces biasness. And thus Wikipedia and Scribed helps in providing necessary information and questionnaire and library serves a way towards the research and therefore these sources becomes the important aspects in drawing marketing plan. Technological Funds for research. Potential of innovative ideas. Communication and information. Communication across the globe. Buying mechanism of end users. Demographic Lifestyle Advertisement and sales promotion Consumer buying patterns. Brand, Company image. Difference in consumer opinions. Media views. Age. Level of education. Social class. Family. Economy Industry factors. Issues regarding money/International trade. Exchange and interest rates. Trends from home economy. Market cycle (2011, Business balls) Conducting marketing research and forecasting demand Future demand Toothbrush being a daily commodity needs special attention. Bic Corporation has decided to perform and experiment in the form of a new product Joy-Top. Brushing are teeth twice a day is a major part of our daily lives, everyone wants to have a beautiful smile but brushing teeth twice a day does not mean any difference so Joy-Top with enormous features estimates the capacity of 150 million toothbrushes to be sold per annum.. Thus estimating a production of 12.5 millions monthly. Marketing effectiveness It is the quality of the marketers to go to the market with the goal to achieve good results for both short term as well as long term. An increase sale is a goal of marketing but it is a measurement of the effectiveness of the entire company. Awareness:-Effectiveness can be through website visits, traditional media mentions, and social media mentions etc. Loyalty marketing:-Customer satisfaction, retention etc. These can be effective measurements to marketing efforts Creating customer value, satisfaction and loyalty Customer satisfaction is a measurement of product and services supplied by the company to meet end user satisfaction. Measurement provides an indication of the organization been good at providing products/services to the market. (2011, En.wikipedia) Measurement 1Reliability Performance Product range 2 Quality of communication Quality of offering Flexibility Reaction time Repairing quality Information, support Availability Quality of delivery service Quality of order handling 4 3 Analyzing Consumer Market The process of selection buying using disposing of ideas, services, and goods in order to satisfy needs and wants by individuals, groups and organization is consumer behavior. (2011, scribd) Factors affecting Joy-Top Cultural factors Culture: There are different taste and manners which are being seen throughout the world. Toothbrush, the daily routine commodity is used by one and all. Now the people residing in various parts may prefer to use different paste which may or may not be suitable for our product. Subculture: This culture mainly helps in segmenting the market into various small proportions. It consists of different religions, geographic regions, racial groups etc. The needs of this particular group depend upon their lifestyle. Thus local advertisement will affect the buying behavior for Joy-Top. Social class: These are the people determined by occupation, income, education, family background and location. The buying behavior of them will be according to their piece of earning. They may prefer spending their single penny for other useful things. Social factors Reference groups: These are the people pursuing special talent to convince people for the particular product so as to increase the customers. Thus by providing practical benefit of Joy-Top can help to increase the influence. Family:-The member of the family is most influential thus the role of the members are very important for example- If the buying decision of a particular product is influenced by elderly people then the advertisement will be targeted on them. Roles and status:-There are different roles and status of a person in the society for example- A man working in the organization as a manager will play the role of manager as well as a father therefore buying decisions will be influenced according to his role and status. Personal factors Age:-Joy-Top is basically for youngster and above. Consumer changes the purchase of goods and services with the passage of time. Thus as the age increases there will be different consumers within the range. Occupation:-Joy-Top is best suitable for travelers and people having high lifestyle. Economic situation:-This trendy toothbrush focuses on all people having different economic situations Lifestyle: Joy-Top is a product which will help person to express their style in the surrounding. Personality:-Different features like self confidence, dominance etc can help to buy our product. Psychological factors Motivation:-Joy-Top can be a motivating factor so as to satisfy the needs of the consumer. Perception:-To set a better perception customer attention is necessary towards the product. Beliefs and attitude:-By launching special campaigns, customers attitude can be made positive. (2011, Business.ezinemark) Research tools The different research tools are as: Online marketing service:-Online study becomes premier data collection method for customer satisfaction research. Online research surveys are generally appropriate for customer satisfaction because data collected is quality as well as quantitative. Focus group research:-It is useful as a way to personally connect with buyers and observing their expressions and body language as they speak about the product and brand name. Competitive intelligence:-This is any information about competitors which is helpful for obtaining their strategies, strength, weakness and resources. Go to market plan:-This plan includes live market test, advertisement campaign which helps in understanding buyers attitude and behavior. Consumer buying roles Consumer buying roles relevant for Joy-Top are: Influencer: Helps in viewing influence between buyers and deciders. Buyer: Holds formal authority to select their products. User:-User of the product. Gatekeeper:-Controls information s and helps influencer and buyer. (2011, provenmodels) Stages of buying process Need:-Low cost and sales promotions like coupons, product samples can create the high need for the product. Collection of information:-Information can be collected through the sources as People (Friends, relatives, family etc) Product (details) Advertisements(Print ads, television etc ) Experiment(Using the product) Purchase decision:-Price, product, public relations can be the factors which can be consider while having buying decision. Post decision:-Physical evidence and price can be the market activity so as to confirm satisfaction to the consumers (2011, openlearningworld) Identifying market segments and targets Market segmentation:-This helps in identifying small portion the market which is different from one another. It helps customer satisfying their need. Consumer market segmentation:-Psychographic or behavioralistic are the most suitable variables to segment our consumer market. Psychographic segmentation:-In this segmentation customers are group according to different lifestyles. Variation in interest, activities, attitude, values, opinions etc helps to choose product differently Behavioralistic segmentation:-Customer behavior towards product varies due to usage rate brand loyalty readiness to buy occasions this is direct starting point for market segmentation. Business market segmentation:-The market customers are fewer in number and purchase larger quantities. There decision process involves more than one person like manufacturers, government, institutions etc. Behavioral characteristics:-This is suitable as it includes different buying status, purchase procedure and usage rate. Company type:-Company type includes industry, company size, and decision making unit. (2011, netmba) Evaluation of attractiveness of market segmentation Attractiveness will be evaluated as follows: Segment competition. Brand loyalty. Number of customers. Customers growth rate. Expected profit Target market selection Bic Company pursues selective specialization as this is multiple segment strategy for example- Lighters, shavers mainly target youth and above while stationary are targeted to all segments similarly Joy-Top targets youth and above. (2011, netmba) Dealing with competition Strategic group Big business is the strategic group for Bic Corporation. It includes business men, managers, employees, workers and many other similar groups in Bic Corporation. (2011, slideshare) Best companies in the manufacturing of toothbrush Butler gum Breath remedy Colgate Crest Dentek Dr. Fresh Glide Gripit Johnson Johnson Mentadent Oral B Plak smacker Reach Sonicare Sulcabrush Oral B is a worldwide market leader which targets children and adults. Their brushes are used by most of the dentist worldwide. (2011, Oralb) Objectives The main objective is to provide superior quality and services which improves the life of worlds consumers. Thus consumer will reward them with leadership sales profit and value creation. (2011, pg) Strength It focuses on five core strength: Understanding consumers-Fulfills the need of consumers. Innovation-Translates desire into new product. Brand building-Shapes purpose inspired brands. Go to market capabilities-Reaches consumers, retailers at the right time, at the right place. Scale-Drives consumer value and efficiency. Competitive intelligence Competitive intelligence is defining, gathering, analyzing about products, customers and competitors. Additional competitive intelligence which is required to have the complete knowledge of market leaders are: Competitors Ads-Clipping competitors ads will be helpful in collecting market material used by competitors. Competitors brochures-This helps to check out the marketing strategies, format, special offers, pricing, the key benefits and clues to the marketing segment which may be underserved. Mystery shop-Mystery shop is actually to buy their products r services so as to experience the purchases process. Internet-Major search engines can help in gathering information about them. This also helps in visiting their websites which can give important clues. (2011, Gordon) Newspapers-Newspapers can also provide major information about the market leader. Competitive strategy Bic Corporation being the market challenger needs to gain the market share and become the leader. This can be done by attacking the market leader, other firms of the same size, smaller firms. Frontal attack strategy will be the most effective for Bic Corporation by providing quality, price with low cost. Setting product strategy Core benefits Core benefits are the benefits which are being enjoyed internally as well as externally some of them are as follows: Joy-Top can provide long term care. It is flexible as well as durable. Joy-Top provides oral hygiene in low cost. It helps in avoiding gum diseases. Outer case of the toothbrush will avoid contact with germs as it is a germ free case. Joy-Top is a toothbrush cum toothpaste. So travelers need not to take paste along with them. Augmented product Bic Click one of the New Zealands favorite retractable ball pen. Sturdy pocket clip. 1.0 mm medium ball diameter. Ridges on barrel for better writing Available in colors Blue, Black, Green, Red. (2011, au.bicworld) Developing pricing strategies and programs Pricing objectives To maximize long run profit as toothbrush is never ending demand. To obtain a target rate of return on sales so as to achieve profit. To get competitive advantage. To enhance the image of Bic Corporation. To increase sales volume. As toothbrush being easily available commodity customers are not likely to be price sensitive. As Joy-Top is a low cost product demands will be elastic. Pricing decisions Internal factors: Product pricing depends heavily on the productivity of operating facilities. Increasing productivity can reduce the cost of production of each product and thus allows the marketer to lower the product price. External factors:-There are number of influencing factors which are not controlled by the company but will have the impact on pricing decision. Pricing decisions changes due to following: Elasticity of demand Customer expectation Government regulation Competition and other products (2011, know this) Promotional pricing like 20% less of the actual price would be adapted by Bic Corporations. Designing and managing value networks and channels Marketing flows Physical flow-In physical flow manufacturer, transporters, and warehouses will directly deal to customers. Title flow-Title flows from supplier to the manufacturer then dealers and finally to the customers. Payment flow-Payment is received by customers then to banks-dealers-banks-manufacturer-banks and finally to suppliers. Information flow-Information flow from suppliers to transporters, warehouses, banks to manufacturers and from manufacturers to transporters, warehouses, banks-dealers-transporters, banks-customers and vice-versa. Promotion flow- It flows from suppliers-advertising agency-manufacturers-advertising agency-dealers-customers. Selective distribution is the most appropriate distribution as it works in normal pattern where sellers stock the product in consumer as well as in business market. Managing retailing, Wholesaling, Logistics Types of retailers The most appropriate retailers are: Departmental stores:-They bear a resemblance to a collection of specialty stores and offer considerable customer service. Advantages:- 1. Cheaper price than of special shops because of bulk buying. 2. Large range of goods Disadvantages:- Lower quality of service as compared to special shops. Supermarkets:-Supermarkets sell mostly daily products as well as food products. Advantages:- Sometimes cheaper than other shops. Quality is often assured here Disadvantages:- Generally prices are higher. Variety stores:-These offer extremely low cost goods with limited selection. Advantages:- Convenient Able to compare product price and features. No pressure to buy. Disadvantages:- No enjoyment of retail shopping. Privacy and security issues. Product category risk. Too many choices. Wholesalers They are the people selling service to the third party who in turn sells the products to their customers. Wholesalers are referred as decision support system for production and distribution. They propose an optimization model to satisfy the best service at low cost. There decision support system is developed to build different aspects and suitable models for selling. (2011, article alley) Market logistic issues The product has to be delivering at the right time for the right place in right condition. Outsourcing and considerable values are the functions to be performed by logistics. A thorough knowledge of materials, foreign exchange, custom regulations, purchasing, transportation, and information technology and supply chain management is required. (2011, bestlogisticsguide) Designing and managing integrated market communications Audience targeted Bic Corporations would target unintended audience as Joy-Top is a daily routine commodity and is used by one and all. (2011, everything2) Image Bic Corporations need to attract more customers and client. Thus Bic Corporations is focusing on trustworthy business image. Although, Bic is successful in maintaining trustworthy image through the products like pens, shavers, lighters, thus they tend to serve more customers. (2011, sbinfocanada) Objective of communication campaign The basic objective of the campaign is to educate the public. The goal of the campaign is to build peoples confidence in dental hygiene and to ensure a smooth product. The campaign would consist of free dental check-ups and thus the need of Joy-Top will be shown. Campaigning would consist of distribution of brochures, free samples and promotional products. Promotional tools In Store promotion:-This influences the consumer decision making process at the particular moment. A lot of purchases are made by impulse buying. Trade fairs:-This tool helps in export promotion and also an expensive tool. Advertising:-Advertising is directly targeted to the big audience and end users. It is also targeting the players in distribution channels, importers and wholesalers. Internet:-Internet offers display possibilities and advertisement space. Catalogues, brochures, company profile can be digitalize and put on the web. It is an economic and flexible option. The corporate brochure:-Material and print used are of superior quality and thus A3 sizes of papers are used to provide required information. (2011, infomipyme) Marketing communications budget The budgeting process helps in determination of the realistic plan for profit margin; 10-20% gross revenue is projected to marketing and communications. 4% on the purchase of advertisement and promotion media including internet, TV, newspaper. + 2% producing and printing all communications including newsletters, brochures etc. + 1.5% producing special events. + 2% promotional products + 3.5% salaries, consultants and independence. = 13% Total percentage of Bic budget going to communications and market (2011, getting attention) Managing mass communication: Advertising, sales promotion, event and public relations Joy-Top being a new product needs attention in the market. Advertisements will help the consumers to know about the product and the services without advertisement there are chances of bad word of mouth and fake visual clues. (2011, financialcrisis2009) Advertising goals Goals are very specific. Generally advertising goals are made to increase sales. It increases knowledge and awareness. Thus advertising goals are: Target market to achieve Corporate image Emphasis on Joy-Top Monetary expenditure Right time of advertisement Smile to the fullest and make this world a better place to live in -a message with Joy-Top reveals. Television and internet are most appropriate media as these media are the best ways to express this message. Promotion Consumer promotion is to stimulate sales by influencing the end consumers. Bic Corporations mainly focuses in serving end users. Thus consumer promotion is the best option. Promotion of public relation Bic Corporations being a brand name already sustains a good corporate image in the market. Promotions are being done using advertisements rather than public relations. Managing personal communications: Direct marketing and personal selling Direct selling Direct selling is basically marketing and selling products, directed to customers from fixed retail location. Bic Corporations prefer direct selling force as it has its own advantages which are as follows: There are more opportunities to meet new people. Internet helps in increasing sales tremendously An unlimited amount of money is been expected to be earned (2011, improvingyourworld) Selling activities should focus on professional sales people who are well trained and ethically responsible. Sales objective To develop a strong personnel relationship with the customer in order to be successful. A special skill which is not generally seen in common people. Role of E-marketing Internet plays a very important role in every aspect of product life cycle. It delivers the highest value during the growth and maturity. The medium of searching makes internet an ideal platform for informing sharing and educating. Primary goal of internet during launch is to create awareness, encourage trial and build a brand. Online brand building and awareness can be cost effective to serve consumers because the target audience can be naturally drawn to specific online information (2011, lewis) Sales Representative The biggest challenge for a sales representative is time and territory management. Some strategy requires selling Joy-Top is: They should have complete knowledge of Bic Corporations and their product. The person should be a good communicator and influencer. The representative must know the product. The representative must maintain customer contacts in order to get feedbacks, to know new trends and to have new customers request. (2011, llc) Executive summary Bic Corporations is a manufacturing company dedicated to low cost, innovative and disposable product. The company has production line as pen, lighter, shaver. The company was formed in 1945 and has 2700 employees. The company intends to become a manufacturer leader by expanding and adding to its product line. Thus a new daily base commodity (Toothbrush) has come into consideration. Referencing Anonymous., 2011. SWOT analysis method and examples [Online] Available at: http://businessballs.com/swotanalysisfreetemplate.htm [Accessed 2 February 2011] Anonymous., 2011 Develop specific financial goals and objectives [Online] Available at: http://www.e-channelnews.com/ec_storydetail.php?ref=411299 [Accessed 2 February 2011] Anonymous., 2011 Objective [Online] Available at: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/objective.html [Accessed 2 February 2011] Anonymous., 2011 Finding the perfect toothbrush [Online] Available at: http://yogizilla.wordpress.com/2007/05/10/finding-the-perfect-toothbrush-a-lesson-in-marketing [Accessed 2 February 2011] Anonymous., 2011 Secondary objective [Online] Available at: http://www.scribd.com/doc/18789047/Secondary-Data-Sources[Accessed 2 February 2011] Anonymous., 2011 Pest analysis [Online] Available at: http://businessballs.com/pestanalysisfreetemplate.htm[Accessed 2 February 2011] Anonymous., 2011 How to achieve total customer satisfaction [Online] Available at: http://www.businessknowledgesource.com/marketing/how_to_achieve_total_customer_satisfaction_027879.html [Accessed 2 February 2011] Anonymous., 2011 How many ways can a toothbrush be improved [Online] Available at: http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100218095845AA8jZHp[Accessed 2 February 2011] Anonymous., 2011 Factors affecting consumer behavior [Online] Available at: http://business.ezinemark.com/factors-affecting-consumer-behavior-50fc758b3b5.html[Accessed 2 February 2011] Anonymous., 2011 Oral b toothbrush 9900 review [Online] Available at: http://oralbtoothbrush.org/oral-b-toothbrush-9900-review[Accessed 2 February 2011] Anonymous., 2011 Toothbrush background [Online] Available at: http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Toothbrush.aspx[Acce

Slaughterhouses and the packing companies Essay -- Literary Analysis,

â€Å"I wished to frighten the country by a picture of what its industrial masters were doing to their victims; entirely by chance I stumbled on another discovery--what they were doing to the meat-supply of the civilized world. In other words, I aimed at the public’s heart, and by accident hit it in the stomach† (Bloom). With the publication of a single book, Upton Sinclair found himself as a worldwide phenomenon overnight. He received worldwide response to his novel and invitations to lectures all over the world including one to the White House by President Roosevelt. In late 1904, the editor of the Appeal to Reason, a socialist magazine sent Sinclair to Chicago to tell the story of the poor common workingmen and women unfairly enslaved by the vast monopolistic enterprises. He found that he could go anywhere in the stockyards provided that he â€Å"[wore] old clothes†¦ and [carried] a workman’s dinner pail†. Sinclair spent seven weeks in Chicago livi ng among and interviewing the Chicago workers; studying conditions in the packing plants. Along with collecting more information for his novel, Sinclair came upon another discovery--the filth of improper sanitation and the processing of spoiled meat. With the publishing of his novel, Sinclair received international response to its graphic descriptions of the packinghouses. The book is said to have decreased America’s meat consumption for decades and President Roosevelt, himself, reportedly threw his breakfast sausages out his window after reading The Jungle. However, Sinclair classified the novel as a failure and blamed himself for the public’s misunderstanding. Sinclair’s main purpose for writing the book was to improve the working conditions for the Chicago stockyard workers. Sinclair found it... ...ivities. Sinclair promotes socialism, government owned companies that endorse more rights for its worker’s, as government own corporations will be less about the individual profit but the common good. Sinclair publicities socialism in The Jungle in many methods: a capitalist society provides their workers with sickening working condition, a capitalist society consists of corruption all over the board, and a socialistic society will mean a perfect world. Upton Sinclair was dubbed by President Roosevelt as â€Å"a muckraker†, a writer who investigates and publishes issues happening around America. Even though Sinclair’s novel did not do as much for the poor as he hoped, it did bring about change to America: stricter meat packing regulations, standards of cleanliness in processing plants, and public knowledge of what the Chicago corporations were doing to their canned meat.

Barbara Ehrenreichs The Hearts of Men Essay -- Barbara Ehrenrech Gend

Barbara Ehrenreich's The Hearts of Men Barbara Ehrenreich, in The Hearts Of Men, illustrates how gender roles have highly constricted men, not just women, and therefore have inhibited American society from developing its full potential. She deviates from conventional wisdom, which says that gender roles have been largely detrimental to only half the population, which is simultaneously confined to working in the domestic sphere and prevented from participating in the public realm. Her theory says that Americans subscribe to a "sexuo-economic system" which reduces men to "mere earning mechanisms" and forces women to "become parasitic wives" (6, 4). As she explains, members of both sexes adhere to a system which forces them to succumb to specific gender roles, which in turn prevent them from becoming their true selves. Thus, every American has a vested interest in restructuring the ways men and women interact. The most striking element of Ehrenreich 's argument, however, lies in the her assertion that men have suffered more than women from their gender role. This provides a compelling incentive for the American patriarchal power structure to want an end to stifling gender roles. The power of her argument comes from the union that would occur, if men agreed a change must be made with women who have felt this way for centuries. Ehrenreich hopes that men and women "might meet as rebels-not against each other but against a social order that condemns so many of us to degrading or meaningless work in return for a glimpse of commodified pleasures" (182). The most illuminating element of The Hearts of Men is the unique approach Ehrenreich takes in evaluating the effect gender roles have on men financially. She takes the fact that ... ...ts Amendment it was women who voice the loudest protest. For anti-ERA women like Phyllis Schlafly, "the interests of the sexes are irreconcilably opposed; the survival of women depends on the subjugation of men; the most intimate relationships can be used as instruments of a larger coercive scheme" (168). Ehrenreich looks at the issue of gender equality from a unique, untraditional perspective. Instead of focusing on female benefits, The Hearts of Men demonstrates how much men stand to gain through gender equality. "Men will have to give up ruling-class privileges, but in return they will no longer be the only ones to support the family, get drafted, or bear the strain of power and responsibility" (116). An article was written in Time in 1970, entitled "What would it be like if women won?" Ehrenreich book "strongly suggests in would be like men had won too" (116). Barbara Ehrenreich's The Hearts of Men Essay -- Barbara Ehrenrech Gend Barbara Ehrenreich's The Hearts of Men Barbara Ehrenreich, in The Hearts Of Men, illustrates how gender roles have highly constricted men, not just women, and therefore have inhibited American society from developing its full potential. She deviates from conventional wisdom, which says that gender roles have been largely detrimental to only half the population, which is simultaneously confined to working in the domestic sphere and prevented from participating in the public realm. Her theory says that Americans subscribe to a "sexuo-economic system" which reduces men to "mere earning mechanisms" and forces women to "become parasitic wives" (6, 4). As she explains, members of both sexes adhere to a system which forces them to succumb to specific gender roles, which in turn prevent them from becoming their true selves. Thus, every American has a vested interest in restructuring the ways men and women interact. The most striking element of Ehrenreich 's argument, however, lies in the her assertion that men have suffered more than women from their gender role. This provides a compelling incentive for the American patriarchal power structure to want an end to stifling gender roles. The power of her argument comes from the union that would occur, if men agreed a change must be made with women who have felt this way for centuries. Ehrenreich hopes that men and women "might meet as rebels-not against each other but against a social order that condemns so many of us to degrading or meaningless work in return for a glimpse of commodified pleasures" (182). The most illuminating element of The Hearts of Men is the unique approach Ehrenreich takes in evaluating the effect gender roles have on men financially. She takes the fact that ... ...ts Amendment it was women who voice the loudest protest. For anti-ERA women like Phyllis Schlafly, "the interests of the sexes are irreconcilably opposed; the survival of women depends on the subjugation of men; the most intimate relationships can be used as instruments of a larger coercive scheme" (168). Ehrenreich looks at the issue of gender equality from a unique, untraditional perspective. Instead of focusing on female benefits, The Hearts of Men demonstrates how much men stand to gain through gender equality. "Men will have to give up ruling-class privileges, but in return they will no longer be the only ones to support the family, get drafted, or bear the strain of power and responsibility" (116). An article was written in Time in 1970, entitled "What would it be like if women won?" Ehrenreich book "strongly suggests in would be like men had won too" (116).

Changes in Ritas Character throughout Educating Rita Essay -- Educati

Changes in Rita's Character throughout Educating Rita With reference to the social context of the play, discuss the ways in which Willy Russell shows the changes in Rita’s character throughout Educating Rita. In the play Educating Rita by Willy Russell there are two main characters, Rita and Frank. Rita is a twenty six year old uneducated hairdresser. She wants a better life for herself; she wants to have an education. She didn’t get a full education at school as she says, ‘See, if I’d started takin’ school seriously, I would have had to become different from me mates, an’ that’s not allowed.† This shows Rita felt she could never take education seriously because it was for the ‘wimps’ and she didn’t want to be different to her friends, and her family didn’t regard education as being important. She goes to the Open University to further her education in English literature. In the Open University there is a professor called Frank, he will be tutoring Rita. Frank has a drinking problem and he also thinks he is a bad teacher. He says, â€Å"Everything I know – and you must listen to this – is that I know absolutely nothing.† He thinks literature and high culture have given him nothing in life to value, that’s why he thinks so poorly of his job. In the play Willy Russell tries to show the ways in which Frank and Rita communicate. When Rita first walks into Frank’s room she is full of questions, she has a lot to say. It seems as though she is full of life. Frank describes Rita, â€Å"Do you know, I think you’re the first breath of fresh air that’s been in this room for years.† Frank likes it that Rita is different from his other students because the things she says come to her naturally. Rita has not been tr... ...ere she is eager to learn, as she says, â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..if you want to change, y’ have to do it from the inside, don’t y? know like I’m doin’.† This shows Rita wants to change. She also goes to summer school in order to learn more; by going to summer school it boosts her self-confidence. Then she moves in with someone called Trish, who she admires and now because she has changed, has a lot in common with her. The things Rita has done, which are to have taken great lengths in getting an education, show how serious she is about her desire to want to change herself. She even separates from her husband for the reason that she chose education instead of him, in an ultimatum her gave her. She has tried so hard to succeed and now that she has, I think that is being realistic. No one handed her an education on a plate, she worked hard for it, I this that is realistic.

Citizenship Coursework- Illegal Downloading

More than 8 million people are illegally downloading at any one time; it has become a major problem for the music industry. Many people do not see the problem it causes and many do not realise the effect of what they are doing, some don't even seem to know that it is illegal. Although most people do not seem to notice the effects, the film and music industry are noticing. They are noticing a loss in revenue. This then prevents things such as new upcoming or just plain decent only just found musicians and artist. Plus some films never make it to production, there original ideas never to be shared. Musicians pushing forward in the career are missing out on opportunities after much time and effort has been put in (plus there are a lot of band that just fluke it to success). So on general people in these industries that deserve to be recognised have a much less chance thanks to illegal downloading. Basically it's Stealing, stealing music is the same as stealing anything else. It is illegal and the consequences are real – for you and for the music. Stealing music is against the law. Stealing music betrays the songwriters and recording artists who create it and stifles the careers of new artists and up and coming bands. Stealing music threatens the livelihood of the thousands of working people from recording engineers to music retailers and their staffs who are employed in this industry. Downloading music is a great way of reaching out for musicians if it is done in a controlled manner in which the musicians can still be paid for there ‘work'. Plus it is just another way that people can access musician's songs. This is a handy way for customers as we live in a society that uses mp3 players where all their music is transferred over the media device. Rather than good old CD players and well cassette players, where you had to go out and but the CD's or tape, which is more efficient from piracy. But artist have to keep up with modern devices to make sure their music gets out there. Fans want to access music in the easiest possible way and that way is over the internet rather than going to town to but the CD, just being lazy. Although some may be down to the fact a lot of teenagers are unable or don't know how to set up an account with a legal download site or company such as iTunes. But want is quite worrying to say the least is the fact that there are those out there who do now realise it is wrong. Also there are those who try to justify illegal downloading. For the customer it all comes down to two many things; cost and convenience. The only decent way about it is if the music is downloaded illegally and the person likes that album or whatever they then go out and buy it, if they don't then they just delete it. It is a way about it but not around it, There will always be those trying to get what they want for a little as possible and if that is free then they will do it. It is just that the internet can do so much to help new band get recognised, however the internet is pretty much impossible to monitor and patrol completely and strictly. People will take advantage of this and are doing so. Illegal downloading is a hot topic and those who have an opinion may differ hugely form other, a lot tend to sit back about the situation but those that take side tend to feel strongly about it. There are those that realise what they are doing and continue to do so without thinking about the negative effects they are having on peoples lives, not just the musicians but others working in the industry. On the other hand they should do more to allow more to by CD's as many of them are highly priced, which they don't need to be as more money comes from gigs then album sales. Then again there is no excuses for downloading illegally. Though the music industry should realise that it must spread out across the internet and do it's best to appeal to customer over the internet. .Both sides of this argument have to make changes, as they are actually both losing out, the industry are making loses and the listener are missing out on potentially great music from artist not given a chance, as well as them missing out. So changes must be made to end piracy and get the music industry to appeal to more people so no losses are made and all is pretty damn good.

Monarchial constitution Essay

Under the monarchial constitution of the United Kingdom (UK), the majority of prerogative powers are now exercised by the government in the name of the Crown. There are two principle definitions of Royal Prerogative (RP); that of Sir William Blackstone and that of Professor A. V. Dicey. According to Dicey, RP is defined as the residue of arbitrary or discretionary authority, which at any given time is legally left in the hands of the Crown. RP has several defining characteristics – RP is inherent to the Crown, derived from common law, exercised by the government on behalf of the crown, the powers are residual and RP legitimises government actions without the need for an Act of Parliament (AOP). Before the 17th century, the monarch had all three powers, the legislative, executive and judicial powers. The judiciary started gaining independence since the Case of Prohibitions 1607 and was fully independent after the Act of Settlement 1700, which effectively removed the power of the monarch to remove a judge at will. The independence of the legislature started with the Case of Proclamation 1611 and culminated in the Bill of Rights 1689, which curbed future arbitrary behaviour of the monarch and guaranteed Parliament’s power vis a vis the Crown. With these changes made to the UK constitution and as support grew for a democratic government, RP seemed out of place in the hands of the monarch and was slowly transferred into the hands of the government to be used in the name of the Crown. It is possible for RP to be codified i.e incorporated into an AOP, as can be seen from the Constitutional Reform and Governance Act 2010 (CRGA). The CRGA codified several RPs, such as the RP to ratify treaties. The codification of RP meant that it would be under Parliamentary control and not the Executive. In the UK today, the UK government makes certain decisions based on the RP if they are not covered under any statutes. However, there have been several cases regarding the use of RP brought to the courts, spearheaded by Darnels case as well as the Case of Ship Money. The fact that these cases could be judged by the courts showed that the government (on behalf of the monarch) could exercise the prerogative power granted by the courts. Therefore, the courts have the power to determine whether that prerogative power exists and the extent of the power exercised by the government. Codifying the RP ensures that courts would not have the power to determine its existence, as they are unable to determine the validity of an AOP, as directed by Lord Reid in Pickin v British Railways Board. It would also prevent conflicts with statutes, as well as promote greater certainty and accessibility in the law. However, codifying the RP would make it more rigid, which may affect the reflexes of the government in responding to situations which are time-sensitive. Nevertheless, the current practice of the UK government with regards to such RP would be to consult Parliament first. Thus, it would be desirable to codify the RP. The RP has always been a part of common law in the UK Constitution. In the Case of Proclamation 1611, then King James I declared two royal proclamations without the consent of Parliament. When the case was brought before the court, Lord Coke held that ‘the King hath no prerogative, but that which the law of the land allows him’, meaning that the King could only exercise the prerogative power granted by the courts. Following the judgment, there were several cases which involved the use of the RP which the courts upheld. In Darnels case, the Defendant was imprisoned due to a warrant issued from the King in which there was no reason for the imprisonment. The court held that the arrest was valid as this was the exercise of the monarch’s prerogative power to arrest. The Case of Ship Money also exemplified how the court could decide if use of RP was legitimate. Hampden had refused to pay taxes to the King, upon his RP to raise revenue in an emergency situation. The court subsequently upheld the power of the Crown. Lastly, the judgment in Lord Advocate v University of Aberdeen upheld the RP that things lost, abandoned or ownerless belongs to the Crown. However, the courts have also held several decisions which restricted the RP. In BBC v Johns, BBC claimed there was a prerogative to grant immunity to them so as to avoid paying taxes. This case was famous for the dictum of Lord Diplock who stated that it is â€Å"350 years and a civil war too late for the Queen’s courts to broaden the prerogative†. Some feel that the exercise of prerogative powers was outside judicial review. Lord Devlin (in Chandler v DPP) agreed, but in his obiter statement stated that the courts will not review the proper exercise of discretionary power but they will intervene to correct excess or abuse. Despite this, not all prerogative powers are subjected to judicial review, the reviewability is dependent on its subject matter and not the source of power. In the GCHQ case, Lord Roskill mentioned that â€Å"Prerogative powers such as those relating to the making of treaties, the defence of the realm, the prerogative of mercy†¦ are not, I think, subjected to judicial review because of their nature and subject matter is such as not to be amendable to the judicial process†. Thus, with RPs, courts would have the ability to judge whether they are implemented legitimately or not, dependent on the scope of the prerogative in question, but in the case regarding AOP, courts would not be able to question its validity, as stated by Lord Reid in Pickin (as above). This would be desirable as it would smoothen the relations between the Judiciary and Executive, with fewer conflicts between them. There are also situations whereby RP will be in conflict with statutes. As such, the Crown would not be able to exercise the prerogative power due to the doctrine of Parliamentary Sovereignty. In AG v De Keysers Royal Hotel, the Crown used the Royal Hotel during the First World War and the hotel later claimed for compensation under Defence Act 1842. Although the Crown argued that no compensation should be paid since there was an RP to acquire any land of the subject during wartime, the court held that when the statutory power and prerogative power co-existed, statutory power would override that of prerogative. Similarly, in R v Secretary of State for the Home Department, ex parte Fire Brigades Union, the Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme set up under Ministerial Prerogative powers was used instead of the Criminal Justice Act 1988, so as to save money by awarding less compensation. The court held that if there is a statutory scheme, it cannot be replaced by the RP. To prevent these scenarios from happening, Parliament has taken steps in recent years to incorporate some RP into statutes. For example, the Treasure Act 1996 states that the prerogative right of treasure trove has been abolished and replaced by this Act. The Human Rights Act 1998 protects citizens against arbitrary use of prerogatives, and the Fixed-Term Parliament Act 2011 has incorporated the RP of dissolution of Parliament. Hence with these recent developments, RP will be in less conflict with AOPs and more consistent with them, enabling them to be more certain and accessible to the public. There are naysayers of codifying the RP that argue that such an act would increase the rigidity of the process to achieve the intended result. Indeed, this is true as can be seen in the prerogative to declare war on other countries. For such a result, the government would need the operational flexibility and speed of deployment that the RP provides. By incorporating it into a statute, not only will the efficiency of the government be reduced, excess publicity that the AOP will bring would undermine the success of the operation. In addition, there will be situations where the government cannot await Parliamentary approval due to time constraints. Be that as it may, in practice, the government in modern times have looked for Parliament’s approval regarding the issue of war. In 2006, then Prime Minister Tony Blair, following his own vote over Iraq in 2003, acknowledged that he could not conceive of a situation in which a government is going to go to war – except in the circumstances where immediate action is required – without a full Parliamentary debate. The Iraq war vote was a significant precedent that Parliament should give its approval regarding such matters. Following which, Prime Minister David Cameron in 2011 held a Parliamentary debate on whether UK should establish a no-fly zone in Libya after the outbreak of military action. Lastly, in September 2013, a Parliamentary debate was called to discuss the possible military intervention in Syria after chemical weapons were allegedly used on civilians. By calling a vote, the government was ensuring continuing adherence to the practice that Parliament should have a say in such issues. Hence, even if codifying the RP does increase rigidity, the process of ensuring Parliament’s approval is already established. Some might feel that codifying the RP would be sacrificing UK history as they would be forgoing part of their culture which makes their unwritten constitution unique in today’s world (inclusive of New Zealand and Israel). Nevertheless, the RP is considered by many to be an outdated power and is such an important one that it should not bypass democratic representation.